UK Hydrogen Bus Market Report – Trends, Demand & Growth 2025-2035

UK Hydrogen Bus Market Outlook From 2025 to 2035

The UK hydrogen bus market is on track for significant growth in the coming years. Projected to reach a market value of GBP 810 million by 2035, the UK hydrogen bus market will experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23.9% from 2025 to 2035.

Growth in the UK is majorly driven by its commitment to sustainability, the effort to decarbonize transport, and increasing needs for zero-emission transport solutions. Government support along with supportive policies have created an encouraging regulatory frame to replace old-fashioned diesel-powered buses with hydrogen-based buses.

Improvement in hydrogen fuel cell technology along with expansion in the hydrogen refueling infrastructure overcame previous issues and is further allowing hydrogen buses to become very widespread in the UK.

Attributes	Details
Projected Market Value (2035)	GBP 810 million
Value-based CAGR (2025 to 2035)	23.9%

As part of its climate action commitments, the UK is determined to significantly reduce its carbon emissions. Hydrogen-powered buses are being identified as a critical solution in achieving net-zero carbon targets by 2050. These buses, especially in urban environments, play a pivotal role in improving air quality and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, positioning hydrogen buses as a key component of the country’s long-term public transport strategy.

Key Trends in the UK Hydrogen Bus Market

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Adoption

The best fuel cell option for the UK to power its hydrogen buses is the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, or PEMFC. The fuel cell boasts high performance and operates effectively in diverse environmental conditions.

For public transport operators, the benefits include high reliability, fast startup, and lower maintenance costs. PEMFCs are further enhanced by the manufacturers to improve their efficiency and cost-effectiveness, thus becoming more suitable for the UK market.

Further technological advancements will decrease the costs of PEMFCs, further propelling the adoption of hydrogen buses in larger cities. The de facto standard in the global hydrogen bus market is the PEMFC, and it is likely to continue its dominance in the UK as the hydrogen infrastructure and fuel production continue to evolve.

Expansion of Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure

The UK hydrogen bus market still lacks an overall comprehensive hydrogen refueling network. Still, heavy investment both by the government and the private sectors has considerably been helpful in mitigating this barrier.

The UK is constantly increasing its number of hydrogen refueling stations, especially in places that demand high public transport, like London, Birmingham, and Manchester. The expansion of this infrastructure will be crucial in supporting the seamless operation of hydrogen-run buses and meeting the expanding demand for clean public modes of transport.

Local and regional government departments and private firms are collaborating to construct hydrogen refueling stations in regions where hydrogen buses will be most needed. This is essential for the large-scale implementation of hydrogen buses in the nation, particularly in cities with high rates of passengers.

Government Support and Policy Initiatives

The UK government has highly ambitious climate targets, including an aim to reduce carbon emissions by 68% by 2030, and to net-zero emissions by 2050 at the latest. To achieve such goals, it is implementing numerous policy measures towards zero-emission transportation.

A part of that is funding initiatives for hydrogen buses through programs such as the Zero Emission Bus Regional Areas scheme, which support the procurement of zero-emission buses and further the development of necessary infrastructure.

Additional support to the local authorities and public transport operators from the UK government in financing the cost of purchasing hydrogen buses gives up to 75% of the initial cost in some cases. Such policies are expected to influence the use of hydrogen buses largely in the UK market.

Key Segment Analysis

By Technology

• Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC): PEMFCs are the dominant technology in the UK hydrogen bus market, as they are energy efficient, quick-starting, and perform well in urban environments. Advancements in this technology make PEMFCs more cost-effective and reliable, which is fueling their popularity.
• Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC): SOFCs are still in the R&D stage, with potential benefits that include higher efficiency and longer lifespans in operation. Nevertheless, because of their size and complexity, SOFCs have not yet gained widespread use in hydrogen buses.
• Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC): While DMFCs offer benefits in terms of fuel storage and handling, their relatively lower efficiency compared to PEMFCs limits their viability in the bus sector.

By Power Output

• <150 kW: Smaller buses suited to short urban routes with lower passenger demand. These buses are ideal for cities that operate shorter routes, such as suburban areas or towns.
• 150-250 kW: Mid-sized buses for medium-range routes and moderate passenger loads. These buses are most commonly used in city transit systems, where a balance of power and capacity is needed.
• >250 kW: Larger buses designed for long-distance routes and high-capacity demands. These buses are ideal for metropolitan areas with high passenger traffic, ensuring that public transport systems can meet the needs of growing urban populations.

By Transit Bus Models

• 30-Foot Transit Buses: Typically used for shorter routes with lower passenger demand, these smaller buses are ideal for smaller towns or urban areas with less dense populations.
• 40-Foot Transit Buses: The most common model in the UK, these buses offer a balanced solution for urban and suburban routes, combining capacity with operational efficiency.
• 60-Foot Articulated Buses: Larger buses designed for high-demand routes in major cities, these buses are used to serve extensive transit networks in densely populated metropolitan areas.

Industry-Wide Growth and Trends

• Hydrogen Bus Technology (PEMFC): Hydrogen Bus Technology (PEMFC): CAGR of 24.7%. The supremacy of PEMFC technology in the UK market will continue to be reinforced by innovations that make it more efficient, economical, and reliable for hydrogen fuelled buses.
• Infrastructure Development: CAGR of 22.1%. The UK is heavily investing in hydrogen refueling stations, which will facilitate the adoption of hydrogen buses across the country and ensure uninterrupted operations for public transport operators.
• Large-Scale Bus Models (>250 kW): CAGR of 26.4%. Huge buses are necessary to cater for longer routes and greater passenger numbers; this has contributed to increasing the demand for bigger hydrogen-based buses, particularly in large metropolises.

Market Concentration

The UK hydrogen bus market is moderately concentrated, with several key players leading the development of hydrogen fuel cell technology, bus manufacturing, and refueling infrastructure.

• Global Players: Companies like Toyota, Ballard Power Systems, and Siemens are contributing significantly to the development of hydrogen-powered buses in the UK through their expertise in hydrogen fuel cell technology and their involvement in key infrastructure projects.
• Domestic Manufacturers: Hydrogen buses are being produced in the UK by home-based manufacturers like Wrightbus and Alexander Dennis. They are leading the charge for hydrogen bus production and infrastructure expansion for refueling.
• Emerging Innovators: UK-based start-ups and research institutions are constantly innovating in the approach to improve the performance of hydrogen fuel cells, cut the cost of their mass production, and explore alternative methods of producing hydrogen, which fuels the market of hydrogen buses.

Future Outlook

The UK hydrogen bus market is positioned for substantial growth driven by government policy, technological advancements, and growing demand for sustainable transportation. Over the next decade, the market will benefit from:

• Increased Government Investment: Continued funding and policy support will drive the adoption of hydrogen buses and help reduce the initial costs for transit agencies.
• Technological Advancements: Ongoing improvements in hydrogen fuel cell technology will reduce costs and improve performance, making hydrogen buses more viable for a wider range of operators.
• Expansion of Hydrogen Infrastructure: The continued development of hydrogen refueling stations will ensure that hydrogen-powered buses can operate efficiently and across a broader geographical area.
• Environmental Regulations: As the UK strives to meet its climate goals, the adoption of hydrogen buses will play a key role in reducing emissions from the public transport sector.

Table of Content

1. Introduction
2. Market Outlook
3. Key Trends
4. Key Segment Analysis
5. Industry-Wide Growth and Trends
6. Market Concentration
7. Future Outlook
8. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)