The Global E-passport market is projected to grow significantly, from USD 69,625.7 Million in 2025 to USD 479,017.7 Million by 2035 an it is reflecting a strong CAGR of 23.8%.
The adoption of RFID-enabled ePassport is growing as the governments help to enhance border security and streamline immigration processes. The RFID chips store biometric and personal data help for ensuring secure authentication and reducing fraud risks.
The advanced encryption and tamper-proof technology are very crucial to prevent unauthorized access or cloning of passport data. The demand for high-security chips is increasing due to the stringent international regulations such as ICAO’s ePassport standards requiring robust security measures to protect travelers identities.
E-passport Market Assessment
| Attributes | Description |
|---|---|
| Estimated Size, 2025 | USD 69,625.7 million |
| Projected Size, 2035 | USD 479,017.7 million |
| Value-based CAGR (2025 to 2035) | 23.8% |
The software solutions such as public key infrastructure, signing and validation modules play a very crucial role in ePassport security. The solutions help to ensure secure data encryption, authentication and interoperability across border control systems.
The governments and immigration agencies mostly rely on automated compliance management tools to meet the global security standards and protect against cyber threats. As digital identity adoption rises the third-party software providers are focused on developing AI-powered fraud detection and real-time passport validation solutions to enhance security and efficiency in travel authentication.
The ePassport services segment covers commercial passport printing, integration and ongoing support to ensure seamless deployment and operation. The governments collaborate with third-party service providers for secure document printing, biometric enrollment and system integration to align with international security protocols.
The support and maintenance services are very essential to keep ePassport systems updated against emerging cyber threats. Countries such as India and Australia are focused on expanding their ePassport programs propelling due to the demand for secure infrastructure, advanced biometric solutions and fraud prevention services.
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The below table presents the expected CAGR for the global E-passport market over several semi-annual periods spanning from 2025 to 2035. This assessment outlines changes in the E-passport industry and identify revenue trends, offering key decision makers an understanding about market performance throughout the year.
H1 represents first half of the year from January to June, H2 spans from July to December, which is the second half. In the first half H1 of the year from 2024 to 2034, the business is predicted to surge at a CAGR of 22.8%, followed by a slightly higher growth rate of 23.3% in the second half H2 of the same decade.
| Particular | Value CAGR |
|---|---|
| H1 2024 | 22.8% (2024 to 2034) |
| H2 2024 | 23.3% (2024 to 2034) |
| H1 2025 | 23.8% (2025 to 2035) |
| H2 2025 | 24.1% (2025 to 2035) |
Moving into the subsequent period, from H1 2024 to H2 2034, the CAGR is projected to decrease slightly to 23.8% in the first half and remain higher at 24.1% in the second half. In the first half H1 the market witnessed an increase of 50 BPS while in the second half H2, the market witnessed an increase of 30 BPS.
Growing Demand for Secure RFID ePassport Chips
Biometric passports are being adopted by governments of various countries in order to increase security and speed of border control, driving the demand for RFID ePassport chip solutions. Passports with RFID tags help to store and access biometric as well as personal information rapidly, resulting in faster authentication processes and lesser chances of identity theft.
ICAO has made biometric passport a global standard, leading to huge investments in security chip technology. The United States, Germany, and India are among the many countries to adopt RFID-based ePassport, with India set to release more than 100 million ePassport by 2027.
With deepening concerns over identity theft and forgery, governments are enhancing passport security. In 2024, the European Union established regulations mandating enhanced encryption standards on RFID passport chips, aiming to block unauthorized data access.
The USA government also announced a USD 1.2 billion plan to "modernize" overstretched passport systems with next-generation RFID technology. And that is critical because the number of air passengers worldwide is expected to hit 9.7 billion in 2050, so a faster and more secure identity verification method is needed.
AI-Powered ePassport PKI Software for Identity Verification
AI is revolutionizing the landscape of ePassport PKI software, it led to automated identity verification, fraud detection, and compliance management. PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) keeps digital passport data encrypted and tamper-proof.
AI-powered PKI systems are being adopted by governments to boost immediate authentication and cross-border verification, resulting in increased efficiency while heightening security. To ensure automated verification at immigration checkpoints, 85% of worldwide ePassports will utilize AI-driven PKI solutions by the year 2025.
In a significant part of recent news, the UK government announced a new integration of AI-based PKI authentication with the process of passport verification to streamline over 7 million passport verifications carried out annually.
Interestingly, the ICA (Immigration & Checkpoints Authority) became the first immigration authority in the world to deploy an AI-driven ePassport system in 2023, which saves almost 40% manual verification time. And these developments are particularly needed, as more and more travelers are using automated border control (ABC) eGates, which involve fast, secure passport validation.
Increasing Adoption of ePassport Signing & Validation Software
As a result, the usage of ePassport signing & validation software globally is growing rapidly to enhance passport authentication and border control. This software is vital in validating e-signatures and ensuring data integrity and preventing passport forgery.
As more and more countries deploy biometric and digital passports, there is an increased demand for safe signing and validation solutions. By 2026, more than 90% of issued passports shall employ more sophisticated ePassport testing systems as means to allow secure travel around the world.
In 2024, a new ePassport security initiative was launched by the European Commission in response to rampant passport fraud within 27 member states; stricter digital signatures would now be the standard. The Australian government also recently announced a USD 500 million investment in new passport validation systems where they'd expect to cut document fraud by 60% over the next three years. These initiatives therefore demonstrate the enormous potential of automated digital signature verification in the context of contemporary border security strategies.
High Investment Challenges in ePassport Infrastructure
Cost of development of the ePassport infrastructure by biometric technology, chip design Company, and authentication market restricts the growth of ePassport market, and serve as key restraints for the market. Governments need to upgrade the systems with which they issue passports, control the checkpoints at their borders, and verify travelers and the process required a good measure of money.
The blanket charge is based on the significant investment required in technology and RFID chips, which can jack up the cost of each ePassport compared to non-RFID models. Moreover, the overall cost burden is raised by installing automated eGates and systems for real-time authentication.
Budget constraints present a major obstacle to widespread ePassport adoption in developing nations, delaying rollout schedules as a result. Even in advanced regions, governments need to justify high upfront expenses before committing to widespread implementation. Infrastructure hurdles from upgrading airport security systems and personnel training to keeping up with digital database maintenance all of it drives up the costs even more.
The global ePassport market has witnessed continued growth from 2020 to 2024, being propelled by the rising adoption of biometric security features, digital identity verification, and international travel demand. Over that time, governments around the world prioritized secure travel documents, issuing more than 500 million ePassports.
Universal acceptance: Such cards started to become widespread in USA, China, India, and EU countries, and saw issuance rates of over 100 million units annually globally by 2023. This demand was hastened as a function of stringent border security checks and the need for contactless processing at immigration checkpoints.
Moving forward, demand for ePassports will continue to ramp up from 2025 to 2035 with sales exceeding 150 million units annually in 2030. By 2035 the number of ePassports in circulation is expected to exceed 1.5 billion and that's as the number of countries requiring digital identity documents continues to rise. This growth is expected to be fueled largely by emerging economies, especially Asia-Pacific and Africa, where types of travel and identity verification systems are being modernized by governments.
Furthermore, the emergence of secured RFID chips, AI-based authentication solutions and blockchain supporting passport databases will spur adoption even further. Although they are costly to implement and there are huge cybersecurity risks involved, the shift to wholly digitalized travel documentation is set to continue, paving the way for the future of global border security.
Tier 1 vendors, which represent about 50% to 55% of all market share. Some of them are major players in the field of RFID chip manufacturing, biometric security, or large-volume passport issuance solutions. They're driven by strong partnerships with the government, working research and development facilities and mass production facilities. Serving regions with high demand, including North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific with strict international travel controls and regulations.
Tier 2 vendors represent approximately 15% to 20% of the market and include regional players and specialized technology providers. On the other hand, these companies develop ePassport authentication software, PKI security module, and digital verification technologies.
Although they lack the global scale of the Tier 1 vendors in the biometric security space - they do offer additional encryption solutions to round out their portfolios - they play a significant role in both emerging markets and niche applications.
Tier 3 vendors make up the balance of the market, or the bottom 20% to 25%, and include small- to mid-size manufacturers, local integrators, and other service providers. These vendors primarily provide the hardware components, customisation services and support solutions that governments and enterprises implement in adopting ePassport technology. While their market primacy is less than that of larger counterparts, they serve as essential pieces to implementing lower price point and more localized solutions-especially in developing areas.
The section highlights the CAGRs of countries experiencing growth in the E-passport market, along with the latest advancements contributing to overall market development. Based on current estimates China, India and USA are expected to see steady growth during the forecast period.
| Countries | CAGR from 2025 to 2035 |
|---|---|
| India | 29.2% |
| China | 28.0% |
| Germany | 21.4% |
| Japan | 25.7% |
| United States | 22.5% |
India Accelerates the Transition to ePassport System for Citizens Balaji Subramanya, IHAK in ePassport consulting services is steadily increasing in India as the nation fast-tracks the transition to ePassport system for citizens. # India aims to roll out biometric ePassports by 2030 ePassports will be 100% biometric, having embedded chips and antennas for international travel with enhanced security Features.
It therefore necessitates the need for a wide range of consultation services-policy planning, system integration, and cybersecurity. On top of that, India’s Ministry of External Affairs will also be ramping up passport issuance centres across the country to tackle long queues to apply for ePassports.
Recent Initiatives: In 2021, an Indian biometric passport pilot project was launched, aiming to issue over 10 million biometric passports based on chip technology by 2025. This is leading to the increasing demand of consulting services for public awareness programs, training modules for passport offices, & infrastructure enhancements.
According to experts amid India’s “Digital India” move, blockchain and AI-based authentication security measures are being adopted. India is anticipated to see substantial growth at a CAGR 29.2% from 2025 to 2035 in the E-passport market.
USA E-Passport Integration & Deployment Services Market 2023 to 2030: Growing concern for security measures and increasing demand for digital authentication in travel are likely to drive services market growth. All newly issued USA Department of State passports feature RFID chips and biometric data, necessitating a massive overhaul of passport issuance systems. Over 22 million ePassports were issued in the USA in 2023 alone, indicating how heavily we depend on more sophisticated border control technology.
The Turkish and USA governments both use biometric eGates at major international airports to check travelers’ identities automatically, thanks to the data the authorities and agreement facilitate security. The government has allocated over USD 1.5 billion toward initiatives to augment the capabilities of the ePassport system before 2026, including a framework for AI-facilitated fraud detection and encrypted PKI infrastructure.
Integration services ensure that these technologies run smoothly within and between various government agencies, as well as at international checkpoints. USA E-passport market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR 22.5% during this period.
China's commercial ePassport (as opposed to a more common passport) printing service industry is surging thanks to government pushes toward fully digitized travel documents. More than 30 million ePassports were issued in China in 2022, and the volume is likely to increase with the implementation of new biometric authentication policies. Ministry of Public Security has collaborated with state-funded tech companies to improve ePassport production with high-security printing and encryption technologies
So here is a major announcement from China’s National Immigration Administration: the launch of a nationwide upgrade to second generation ePassports, each passport containing an embedded facial recognition chip reinforced with tamper-proof RFID technology.
To meet this demand, high-volume passport printing facilities capable of producing millions of secure documents per year will need to be created. Moreover, demand for business and travel ePassports is growing due to the pockets of economic growth across the region to support the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) through seamless connectivity, necessitating scalable solutions for ePassports printing. E-passport market in China accounts for 64.2% of global market share and continues to grow at a high CAGR between 2025 and 2035.
The section provides detailed insights into key segments of the E-passport market. The application category includes business travel and leisure travel. Security category such as Basic Access Control, Password Authenticated Connection Establishment, Supplemental access Control and Extended Access Control. Among these, Password Authenticated Connection Establishment are growing quickly. The Leisure Travel hold largest market share in E-passport.
As many governments are now looking towards strengthened protective measures for personal data, the use of Password Authenticated Connection Establishment (PACE) within ePassports is growing. PACE mitigates the risk of unauthorized data access to ePassport chips by implementing a password-based mutual authentication process between the chip and the inspection system. This system of verification is increasingly becoming popular as the foreign cyber threats are increasing towards the biometric data of the passports.
In recent years, a number of countries have adopted PACE-compliant ePassports in alignment with new International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) requirements. For instance, in 2023, Germany committed to a nationwide upgrade to implement PACE encryption across all newly issued ePassports for added protection against identity theft.
Moreover, over 80% of EU countries have implemented PACE for enhancing borders security and traveler authentication. Password Authenticated Connection Establishment are anticipated to see substantial growth at a CAGR 26.8% from 2025 to 2035 in the E-passport market.
| Segment | CAGR (2025 to 2035) |
|---|---|
| Password Authenticated Connection Establishment (Security) | 26.8% |
The leisure travel segment accounts for the largest share of ePassport issuance, due to rising international travel activities and simplifying visa processing mechanisms. This change to biometric-based travel authentication has had a huge impact on leisure travelers, who can now enjoy reduced wait times at the airport, as well as greater numbers of self-service check-in options at major travel hubs. Bangkok - When September 2023 ended, more than 50% of all new ePassports had been issued to leisure travelers, a sign of demand for secure and convenient travel experiences.
EPassport uptake has been further increased by governments promoting tourism. In 2023, for example, China saw the issuance of over 25 million ePassports, most of which are utilized by outbound leisure travelers. In a similar vein, the USA Department of State noted that USA passport applications among leisure travelers only grew 15% in 2024, and attributed some of the growth for 2023 to faster, streamlined ePassport processing and digital passport verification systems. Leisure Travel is projected to dominate the E-passport market, capturing a substantial share of 66.7% in 2024.
| Segment | Value Share (2025) |
|---|---|
| Leisure Travel (Application) | 66.7% |
The worldwide e-passport market is competitive, with high entry barriers that delay new entrants in the space and consequently leading to a monopoly of Tier 1 players due to their highly advanced biometric and encryption technology. Tier 2 - Regional players providing service integration and deployment. Tier 3 vendors focus on niche segments, primarily offering print and support services. Growing government initiatives and regulatory compliance fuels competition at all levels. Ongoing innovation in security features is fueling various collaborations and technological improvements.
Industry Update
In terms of solution, the segment is divided into RFID ePassport Chip, ePassport PKI Software, ePassport Signing & Validation Software Modules and Services.
In terms of application, the segment is segregated into Business Travel and Leisure Travel.
In terms of security, the segment is segregated into Basic Access Control, Password Authenticated Connection Establishment, Supplemental access Control and Extended Access Control.
A regional analysis has been carried out in key countries of North America, Latin America, East Asia, South Asia & Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Europe.
The Global E-passport industry is projected to witness CAGR of 23.8% between 2025 and 2035.
The Global E-passport industry stood at USD 69,625.7 million in 2025.
The Global E-passport industry is anticipated to reach USD 479,017.7 million by 2035 end.
South Asia & Pacific is set to record the highest CAGR of 27.4% in the assessment period.
The key players operating in the Global E-passport Industry Thales Group, IDEMIA, Entrust Corporation, Veridos GmbH, HID Global, Infineon Technologies AG, Gemalto (A Thales Company), De La Rue plc, Oberthur Technologies, Giesecke+Devrient (G+D).
| Estimated Value in 2024 | USD 16.1 billion |
|---|---|
| Forecasted Market Value by 2034 | USD 70.0 billion |
| Projected CAGR (2024 to 2034) | 15.9% |
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